Concept and Types of Physical Similarity

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Concept and Types of Physical Similarity
The primary and fundamental requirement for the physical similarity between two problems is that the physics of the problems must be the same.
For an example, two flows: one governed by viscous and pressure forces while the other by gravity force cannot be made physically similar. Therefore, the laws of similarity have to be sought between problems described by the same physics.
Definition of physical similarity as a general proposition.
Two systems, described by the same physics, operating under different sets of conditions are said to be physically similar in respect of certain specified physical quantities; when the ratio of corresponding magnitudes of these quantities between the two systems is the same everywhere.
In the field of mechanics, there are three types of similarities which constitute the complete similarity between problems of same kind.
Geometric Similarity : If the specified physical quantities are geometrical dimensions, the similarity is called Geometric Similarty,
Kinematic Similarity : If the quantities are related to motions, the similarity is called Kinematic Similarity
Dynamic Similarity : If the quantities refer to forces, then the similarity is termed as Dynamic Similarity.

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