Principles of Physical Similarity - An Introduction

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Principles of Physical Similarity - An Introduction
Laboratory tests are usually carried out under altered conditions of the operating variables from the actual ones in practice. These variables, in case of experiments relating to fluid flow, are pressure, velocity, geometry of the working systems and the physical properties of the working fluid.
The pertinent questions arising out of this situation are:

1.       How to apply the test results from laboratory experiments to the actual problems?
2.       Is it possible, to reduce the large number of experiments to a lesser one in achieving the same objective?
Answer of the above two questions lies in the principle of physical similarity. This principle is useful for the following cases:

1.       To apply the results taken from tests under one set of conditions to another set of conditions
                                             and
2.      To predict the influences of a large number of independent operating variables on the performance of a system from an experiment with a limited number of operating variables.

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