1.
Water is essential to life in part
because it is an excellent ___________ of other substances.
a)
Solvent
b)
Transporter
c)
Conductor
d)
None
2.
Water is sometimes called the
universal ___________
a)
Solvent
b)
Transporter
c)
Conductor
d)
None
3.
Water serves to deliver __________to
organisms, especially plants, as well as remove_________.
a)
Nutrients & waste products
b)
Oxygen & waste products
c)
Food & energy
d)
All of above
4.
The movement of water between the
atmosphere, the oceans, and the land is a fundamental part of earth’s ___________
systems.
a)
Biological cycling
b)
Water cycle
c)
Biogeochemical cycling
d)
Natural cycling
5.
Water carries __________ to the
atmosphere when it evaporates from the ocean surface.
a)
Vapors
b)
Energy
c)
Heat
d)
None
6.
Water __________ in the atmosphere to
form precipitation
a)
Evaporates
b)
Condenses
c)
Rises
d)
All of above
7.
Humans have dramatically _________ the
hydrologic cycle, both locally and globally
a)
Altered
b)
Preserved
c)
Influenced
d)
None
8.
The alterations in hydrological cycle
come from ___________
a)
Our use of water for irrigation,
b)
Our modification of the earth’s
vegetation cover,
c)
Our withdrawal of water from rivers,
lakes, and subsurface aquifers for domestic and industrial use
d)
All of above
9.
The two terms ‘Water-quality’ and ‘___________’
are interlinked linked.
a)
Water usage
b)
Water demand
c)
Water-quantity
d)
None
10.
Water resources are under stress means
__________
a)
Water supply depletion
b)
Water quality degradation
c)
Both (a) and (b)
d)
None
11.
Surface
water includes _____________
a)
Liquid water
b)
Floating ice above the ground surface,
in rivers, swamps, lakes, or ponds
c) Both
(a) & (b)
d)
None
12.
The ____________ is simply the top of
the saturated zone in which water fills pore spaces and cracks in rocks or
sediments.
a) Water
table
b)
Water surface
c)
Water Aquifer
d)
All of above
13.
Soil moisture above the water table is
not considered part of___________
a)
River Water
b)
Surface water
c)
Ground-water
d)
Sea water
14.
__________ is derived from downward
percolation of rainfall through the soil and in some areas from seepage of
surface water
a)
Percolated water
b)
Groundwater
c)
Seepage water
d)
Any of them
15. A porous body of material containing
groundwater is called an__________
a) Egg shell
b)
Aquifer
c) Aqueduct
d) None
16.
If the water table is free to rise
with additional water, the aquifer is said to be ___________
a)
Confined
b)
Unconfined
c)
Stressed
d)
Under
pressure
17.
_________ are the impermeable layers.
a)
Aquiclude
b)
Aquifer
c)
Aqueduct
d)
None
18.
Surface water and groundwater flows
from __________ elevation
a)
Low to high
b)
Equal
c) High
to low
d)
Both (a) & (c)
19.
Usually, the shape of the water table
approximately __________ the shape of the land
a)
Perpendicular
b)
Tangent to
c)
Diagonal
d)
Parallels
20.
It is estimated that slightly more
than ______ billion people live in water-stressed regions
a)
2.2
b)
2.3
c)
2.4
d)
3.3
21.
In mid-latitude climates, low-flow
periods usually occur in the ________ because plants are using more water at
this time.
a)
Summer
b)
Winter
c)
Rainy Season
d)
All of above
22. Water Supply Systems
has the following pattern ___________
a)
Storage >
collection > Transmission > Distribution
b)
Collection
> Storage > Distribution > Transmission
c)
Collection
> Transmission > Storage > Distribution
d) Collection > Storage > Transmission >
Distribution
23.
________ Storage is accomplished by
constructing dams on rivers and impounding water in artificial lakes behind the
dams.
a)
Surface water
b)
Ground water
c)
Glacial water
d)
None
24.
Transportation and distribution
systems depends mostly on the factor: _______
a)
Distance between collection sites
b)
Use area
c)
The nature of final use
d)
All
of above
25. According to ‘Global Water Withdrawals’ Asia has
available _______ %
a)
16.4
b)
3.7
c)
14.9
d) 8.0
26.
Consumptive
use is the use of water in such a way
that it is not returned to the stream or aquifer; instead, it is returned to
the atmosphere by _____________
a)
Evapotranspiration
b)
Percolation
c)
Wind
d)
None
27.
The ___________ amount of water in
deeper aquifers is not economically accessible.
a)
2 million km3
b)
4 million km3
c)
4.5 million km3
d)
4.8 million km3
28.
In coastal areas, usually a boundary
exists between fresh water and __________ in the ground
a)
Salt water
b)
Brackish water
c)
Green water
d)
None
29. A decline in the elevation of the freshwater
table causes saltwater __________
a) Extrusion
b)
Intrusion
c) Removal
d) None
30.
Worldwide, agriculture uses about
_______ of total freshwater withdrawals
a)
40 %
b)
60 %
c)
71 %
d)
79 %
31.
Irrigation
efficiency is defined as the volume of applied
water in the __________ that is used by the crop
a)
Root zone
b)
Stem zone
c)
Fruit zone
d)
All of above
32.
Efficiency of Furrow irrigation is
________
a)
40-50 %
b)
50-60 %
c)
60-80 %
d)
None
33.
Industry takes the second-largest
share of the world’s water withdrawals, about _____
a)
20%
b)
25%
c)
30%
d)
35%
34.
Major Water
Pollutants
a)
Pathogens
b)
Oxygen-demanding wastes
c)
Plant nutrients
d)
Suspended particulates
e)
All of above
35.
Coliform bacteria live in great
numbers in human and animal ___________
a)
Liver
b) Kidney
c)
Digestive systems
d)
None
36.
Primary
treatment may remove about _____ of BOD
a)
10 %
b) 25 %
c)
35 %
d) 40 %
37.
5 million per year die of illnesses
linked to ___________
a)
Unsafe drinking water
b)
Unclean domestic environments
c)
Improper excreta disposal
d) All of above
38. Alum Dose as a
function of Water Source (Lake) is ________ mg/L
a) 16
b) 18
c)
22
d) 29
39.
Detention time, t0 , of a Rapid Mix Basin between
__________ seconds
a)
10 and 20
b)
10 and 30
c)
30 and 40
d)
None
40.
For the rapid mix basin, Impeller
diameter, Di ® _________ times the tank diameter or
width
a) 0.3 -
0.5
b)
0.3 – 0.6
c)
0.35 – 0.6
d)
0.4 – 0.5
41.
For the rapid mix basin, Baffles
extend ________ of tank diameter or width
a)
5 %
b)
10 %
c)
15 %
d)
20 %
42.
Desired properties of a coagulant are:
a)
Trivalent cation
b)
Non-toxic
c)
Insoluble in the neutral pH range
d)
All of above
43.
Alum when added to water, it dissociates releasing
an __________ ion that develops water clusters around it.
a)
Aluminum
b)
Magnesium
c)
Ferric
d)
Sulphate
44.
In design of
Flocculator the Impeller diameter, Di ® ________ times the tank diameter or width.
a)
0.2 – 0.5
b)
0.3 – 0.5
c)
0.35 – 0.55
d)
0.4 – 0.6
45.
In design of
Flocculator the maximum Impeller diameter could be ________
a)
1 m
b)
1.5 m
c) 3 m
d)
3.5 m
46.
Perforated Baffle Design in Horizontal Flow Clarifier is to
___________ the incoming fluid
a) Regulate
b)
Distribute
c) Store
d) None
47.
Problems in using Stokes Equation are:
a)
Particles are not spherical
b)
Particle diameter changes with
settling
c)
Both (a) and (b)
d)
None
48.
Purpose of
Filtration:
a) Removal of flocs that do not settle in the
Clarifier due to small size
b) Reduce settled water turbidity of ~ 5 TU to
below 0.3 TU
c)
Both (a) and (b)
d)
None
49.
The typical depth of Filter is
________
a)
3 feet
b)
6 feet
c)
9 feet
d)
12 feet
50.
Common composition of Filter Bed
Breakdown:
a)
Granular media 2 feet, Sand 6 feet, Course
gravel 1 foot
b)
Granular media 6 feet, Sand 2 feet,
Course gravel 1 foot
c)
Granular media 2 feet, Sand 1 feet,
Course gravel 6 foot
d)
Granular media 2 feet, Sand 1 feet,
Course gravel 2 foot
51.
Uniformity
Coefficient = Ratio of the _____________
a)
50-percentile diameter to the
10-percentile diameter
b)
60-percentile diameter to the
20-percentile diameter
c)
60-percentile diameter to the
30-percentile diameter
d)
60-percentile diameter to the 10-percentile
diameter
52.
Min. head for firefighting purposes
___________
a)
10 m
b)
20 m
c)
30 m
d)
40 m
53. There is a risk of contamination and pressure fluctuation of mains
in __________
a)
Direct supply
b) Indirect supply
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None
54. __________ can be used for the high rise buildings
a) Direct supply
b)
Indirect supply
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None
55.
Warning pipe has minimum diameter of _______
a) 20 mm
b)
25 mm
c) 30 mm
d) None
56.
Recommended Storage Capacities in
Domestic Water Supply with sump and pump is ________
a)
125 liters/flat
b)
130 liters/flat
c) 135
liters/flat
d)
140 liters/flat
57.
___________ is the removal of water
from a surface or groundwater source for a variety of purposes such as
municipal, industrial, or irrigation use.
a)
Withdrawal
b)
Pumping
c)
Suction
d)
None
58. In densely populated areas of the
country, the most important ________use is maintenance of water quality.
a)
In-stream
b)
Out stream
c)
Both (a) and (b)
d)
None
59. Sufficient ___________ must be
available to dilute and transport sewage effluents and other pollutants, as
well as to provide habitat for aquatic life.
a)
Nitrogen
b)
Oxygen
c)
Flow
d)
None
60. Depletion of stream flows caused by
consumptive off-stream use, is a major problem in ________ zone
a)
Arid
b)
Semiarid
c)
Humid
d) Both
(a) and (b)
61. In the US, about ________ of water
withdrawals are for irrigation
a)
42%
b)
45%
c)
48%
d)
51%
62. Drip irrigation is used in ________
regions
a)
Hot
b)
Cold
c)
Rainy
d)
None
63. Domestic uses take the least water,
generally less than _________
a)
5 %
b)
10 %
c)
15 %
d)
18 %
64. The most important in-stream use of
water is for________
a) Drinking
b) Clothing
c)
Waste dilution
d) All of above
65. The more water present and flowing in
a river, the __________ the concentration of pollutants will be, and thus the
better water quality will be.
a)
Higher
b)
Lower
c)
Moderate
d)
None
66.
The major rivers of the world,
especially in industrialized countries, carry large amounts of _________
a)
Waste water
b) Freight
c)
Salt water
d)
None
67.
Hydroelectricity supplies about
________ of total energy production
a)
4 %
b) 5 %
c)
8 %
d)
11 %
68.
One way to classify pollutant
__________ is by point versus nonpoint sources
a)
Concentration
b)
Quantity
c) Discharges
d)
None
69.
A factory or municipal sewage outfall
is a _____________
a) Point
source
b)
Open source
c)
Both (a) and (b)
d)
None
70.
Pollutants, such as____________, are
produced only by humans
a)
Ash
b) Synthetic
pesticides
c)
Smoke
d)
None
71. In summer, lakes commonly develop a
___________
a)
Stratification
b)
Partitioning
c)
Ice on top surface
d)
None
72.
The absence of oxygen can also cause
_________ decomposition of organic matter on the bottom
a)
Aerobic
b) Anaerobic
c)
Both (a) and (b)
d)
None
73.
In drinking water, _________ is not a
problem
a)
Nitrogen
b)
Ferric
c) Phosphorus
d)
Magnesium
74.
By weight, __________ is the largest
pollutant in our waters
a) Sediment
b)
Microbes
c)
Bacteria
d)
Virus
75.
Hardness is a major indicator of
dissolved __________
a)
Pollutant
b)
Oxygen
c)
Nitrogen
d) Minerals
76. ___________, or the emission of
particles by decay of certain radioactive substances, is a subject of public
concern today.
a)
Radiations
b)
Radioactivity
c) Sedimentations
d) All of
above
77.
Groundwater replacement is very
_______ process
a) Slow
b)
Fast
c)
Either (a) or (b)
d)
None
78.
Drinking-water Quality takes into
account the ___________ and concentration that the chemical is detected in
drinking-water
a) Frequency
b)
Quantity
c)
Nature
d)
Rest time
79.
The __________of water for agriculture
and manufacturing, which causes the water table to decline
a)
Extraction
b)
Over-extraction
c)
Pumping
d)
None
80. Typhoid and paratyphoid fevers are
infections caused by ___________ which are transmitted from faeces to ingestion
a) Bacteria
b)
Viruses
c)
Water
d)
Both (a) and (b)
81.
The annual incidence of typhoid is
estimated to be about _______ million cases worldwide.
a)
16
b) 17
c)
18
d)
19
82. G
value for Low turbidity, color removal, coagulation is ___________ s-1
a) 20
-70
b)
50 – 150
c)
130 – 200
d)
None
